#92156940 - Autumn crocus bulbs next to basket a shovel on a wooden table. Colchicum autumnale is the most common colchicum in gardens and is also known by the common names naked lady, meadow saffron, wonder bulb, naked boy and mysteria . By the time the trees are fully leafed out, the foliage is fading. ... clipart autumn hedgehog, red leaves clipart, red mushrooms png, autumn digital download, fall woodland clipart, crocus … See below Description. Semi-erect, narrowly ovate leaves 7-10 inches long appear in spring and disappear by summer, followed by large, fully double, rosy lilac flowers resembling the blooms of a waterlily. Great autumn crocus varieties to grow Colchicum ‘Waterlily’ – has double pink-purple flowers that look similar to water lilies, hence the name. You can grow autumn crocus in pots, but they may not return reliably the next growing season. Colchicum bulbs need moderate water; neither wet soils nor droughty ones are conducive to growth. Plant in raised beds in full sun to prevent moisture issues. These Colchicum species should not be confused with the saffron crocus (Crocus sativus, also sometimes commonly called autumn crocus; it is only marginally hardy in Wisconsin) which is used as a spice and dye. This vigorous cormous perennial has semi-erect, lance-shaped leaves 7 to 10 inches long that emerge in spring, then go dormant in late May. Leaves: Leaf Color: Green Leaf Feel: Smooth Leaf Type: Simple Leaf Arrangement: Rosulate Leaf Shape: Linear Leaf Margin: Entire Hairs Present: No Leaf Length: > 6 inches Leaf Width: < 1 inch Leaf Description: 5-11 linear upright green leaves … Fall flowers need not be limited to the standard asters and mums. Bulbs often will produce flowers without even being planted. C. autumnale or C. speciosum should definitely not be used in place of saffron in cooking because eating any part of this plant can be fatal. Autumn crocus, which looks a lot like it, is extremely poisonous. Colchicums aka Autumn Crocus or Meadowsweet are charming plants with crocus like flowers borne generally in the autumn, and unusually large leaves which do not appear until the spring. While the flowers appear in autumn, the leaves often grow the following … Some moisture during the summer is necessary to trigger root growth and get the bulbs going. The name "naked ladies" comes from the fact that the flowers emerge from the ground long before the leaves appear. The 2″ wide flowers emerge from the ground long after the leaves have died back (hence the common name naked ladies). Among them are such notables as saffron crocus … In September, it bears 1 to 3 leafless, goblet-shaped, intense pink … The pink-purple flowers contrast nicely with the silver leaves of lambs ear (Stachys byzantina), and combine well with purple asters, pink chrysanthemums, and plants with purple foliage. Colchicum autumnale, commonly known as autumn crocus, meadow saffron or naked ladies, is a toxic autumn-blooming flowering plant that resembles the true crocuses, but is a member of the plant family Colchicaceae, unlike the true crocuses which belong to the family Iridaceae. Colchicum autumnale, commonly called autumn crocus or meadow saffron, is a cormous perennial that typically blooms in early fall. Native to Europe and North Africa, C. autumnale grows wild in woods and damp meadows and has been naturalized in some parts of the US and Canada. After bloom and the first hard freeze, place the pot in a shed or garage to prevent frost heaving. The autumn crocus needs at least a half day of sun during its foliage phase. The flowers don't need sunlight to grow, but they will glow handsomely in the shade. In spite of the similar common names, autumn crocus and saffron crocus (Crocus sativus) are not related, as the one that produces the spice is in the iris family, while the autumn crocus is related to lilies. Whether your summers are hot or cool is less important, as the plants are dormant during this time. As with all flowering bulbs, it's important not to cut back the foliage of the plant, but to allow it to die back naturally. An EEO/AA employer, University of Wisconsin-Madison Division of Extension provides equal opportunities in employment and programming, including Title VI, Title IX, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act requirements. Perennial herb with basal, slender leaves; flowers long, tubular, 6-parted, purple-pink to white, flowering in autumn Full sun to part shade; Bury corms to a depth of 5 inches (12.5 cm); injured below 14 degrees F (-10 degrees C); Produces leaves … The saffron crocus is also a fall bloomer, but produces its grassy foliage in the fall as well. https://www.thespruce.com/autumn-crocus-plant-profile-4768180 webName: "uwexces", Neither frigid winters nor warm winters provide the right conditions for dormancy for the bulbs. The checkered pink blooms of 'Disraeli' make a fascinating addition to the fall garden, and deserve close inspection. ‘Pleniflorum’ – a double lilac-pink variety. The clear white blooms of autumn crocus 'Innocence' shine in partially shady gardens. In this post I will focus on describing the life cyc… There is a relatively narrow growing zone for the autumn crocus, compared to some other flowering bulbs. Then, before the leaves emerge again, the flowers push through the soil and bloom in late September to early October. White-flowered cultivars are set off well by the dark foliaged cultivars of Ajuga, such as ‘Black Scallop’, ‘Chocolate Chip’ or ‘Mahogany’. Replant them six inches apart, and they will enlarge and reach blooming size in a couple of seasons. Repot when corms become crowded every few years. The autumn crocus also makes its debut in September and October, although its foliage is just a memory by then. Some gardeners choose to plant the autumn crocus in the middle of the border, where their foliage will be hidden by other plants, and where the floppy flowers can lean on neighboring plants for support. They are primarily a light pink-purple color but some cultivars have white flowers. An easy way to tell them apart is saffron has 3 stigmas and autumn crocus has 6 stigmas. The Saffron Crocus (Crocus sativus) is a surprisingly easy-to-grow flower that adds a splash of color in the fall, when this plant blooms.You can collect the stigmas to produce your own … Plants send up only foliage (5-8 lanceolate dark green leaves to 10" long) … We teach, learn, lead and serve, connecting people with the University of Wisconsin, and engaging with them in transforming lives and communities. The broad leaves appear in spring (L) and die back in summer (R). ‘Alboplenum’ – is a robust, sterile cultivar with double creamy white flowers. The leaves of autumn crocus are produced in the fall of the year, after flowering has occurred. The large, bulb-like corm of Colchicum speciosum (L). They look best planted in clusters or scattered drifts of 5 or more bulbs and will naturalize under ideal conditions. The upside of this toxicity is that deer and rabbits avoid autumn crocus. Connect with your County Extension Office », Find an Extension employee in our staff directory », Get the latest news and updates on Extension's work around the state, Feedback, questions or accessibility issues: info@extension.wisc.edu | © 2020 The Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System Privacy Policy | Non-Discrimination Policy | Discrimination and Harassment Complaints | Disability Accommodation Requests | Civil Rights. She has years of experience in caring for flowers and plants. Leaves first appear in the autumn (September to November in its native habitats), and are glossy green, up to 12 mm wide; they remain through the winter. Plant the waxy, irregular corms covered in a dark-brown, leathery skin in well-drained soil about 6 inches apart. Despite the vernacular name of "meadow saffron", this plant is not the source of saffron, which is obtained from the … ‘Violet Queen’ – a hybrid with violet flowers that have white lines in the throat and distinctive orange anthers. In the U.S., the commonly called “Autumn Crocus” is not a true crocus at all but species or hybrids of Colchicum, a group of fall-flowering bulb in the lily family (Lilaceae). Plant your autumn crocus bulbs in the summer, when they are dormant. For example, C. bysantinum, with large corms that produce multiple flower stalks, is probably really a sterile hybrid of C. cilicicum, sometimes offered as C. autumnale ‘Major’. You can prune away the foliage when it has turned yellow. This is long before most people consider planting bulbs, so this species has not been widely utilized in gardens. It is hardy in zones 5-9 (maybe colder if given extra winter protection) and blooms in September in the Midwest. Compared with Colchicum, their leaves … Colchicums are well suited to growing under deciduous trees or shrubs, or mixed in with other perennials but will do best in full sun when in leaf. Being drought tolerant, C. autumnale is ideal in rock or gravel gardens, where their flowers can be readily seen among the other low-growing plants. There are many cultivars of Colchicum. The genus has been used medicinally but because it is quite toxic when ingested, its use is not recommended except by professionals. Your autumn crocus bulbs will naturally expand to form a colony by forming small bulblets on the main corm. Three to eight leaves grow out of a bulb-like corm in the spring and then go dormant in the early summer. C. autumnale is one of the most commonly grown autumn crocus but other species, particularly C. speciosum, which is a parent of many of the showy hybrids, are also often available. Buy Colchicum autumnale from Sarah Raven: These appear from their summer dormancy to flower in the autumn, heralding the end of warmer days but lovely nonetheless. By using The Spruce, you accept our, How to Grow and Care for the Yesterday-Today-and-Tomorrow Plants, How to Grow and Care for Allium (Ornamental Onion). Make sure you have the culinary crocus before attempting to harvest the stigmas for cooking. Feedback, questions or accessibility issues: © 2020 The Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System. They will bloom that same fall, with foliage to follow in the spring. $Trumba.addSpud({ The Spruce uses cookies to provide you with a great user experience. Phonetic Spelling KOHL-chik-um This plant has high severity poison characteristics. Pot them up in mid-summer, using a standard potting mix, and water when the soil is dry. Short lasting, they fade within two or three weeks, and then lies dormant until the following spring, at which time three to eight, 1 foot leaves appear and remain until early summer. are not crocuses at all. Don't let the "saffron" part of the name fool you: All parts of the autumn crocus are extremely toxic. Learn tips for creating your most beautiful (and bountiful) garden ever. Good drainage is more important than a nutrient-dense soil. ‘Giant’ – is a free-flowering hybrid with very large flowers up to 10-12″ tall. Autumn Crocus, Colchicum spp. Jamie has written about gardening and special occasion flowers since 2011. ‘Album’ – is a weak growing, white-flowered form. But there are a few species of the genus Crocus, part of the iris family (Iridaceae), that bloom in the fall and other fall-blooming bulbs that have the word crocus in their common name. Autumn crocus grows fine without additional fertilizer. You can take advantage of this by digging the bulbs and removing these new baby bulbs in the summer, when plants are dormant. Colchicine is the main active principle found in autumn crocus and is present in a concentration of approximately 0.6% of corm; concentrations may exceed 1% in the seeds.1, 8 Dried leaves and flowers contain the same concentration of colchicine as fresh parts; however, dried flowers and seeds contain 15 times as much colchicine as leaves.8 A variety of other related alkaloids have been isolated from the plant, including colchicerine, colchamine, colchicoside, demethyl-3-colchicine, cornigerine, and 2-demet… Slugs and snails may bother plants in moist, shaded gardens. If you need to move or want to divide the plants, do this in summer after the leaves have died back but before the flowers begin to appear. Six-inch pink, purple, or white flowers emerge solo, and then the leaves grow in the spring to capture energy for the next bloom cycle. But as long as the leaves are green, leave them … Corms planted in early fall may bloom that season. Plant them about three inches deep, and six inches apart. It looks good... Colchicum ‘Lilac Wonder’ – has … ‘Album’ – is a weak growing, white-flowered … Because the autumn crocus produces its foliage in the spring, and gets the energy it needs from photosynthesis at that time, you can plant the bulbs under deciduous trees. If you have either a sandy loam or a rocky soil you can grow the autumn crocus successfully. Ingestion of any plant part can cause severe illness or death. In September, the autumn crocus emerges from its hibernation to bloom once again in a profusion of clust… Colchicums prefer well-drained soil that doesn’t dry out in summer. ‘Lilac Wonder’ – a large hybrid with narrow, rosy-purple flowers with white midlines. One of the tallest and most free-flowering of the Colchicums, The Giant' is a fall-blooming Colchicum which bears up to 10 funnel-shaped, extra-large, lavender-pink flowers with a delicate white throat. The goblet-shaped flower of Colchicum speciosum (R) has six stamens (L). The upright, 8-14″ leaves of autumn crocus resemble that of a short, dark green tulip or even a romaine lettuce head. We use cookies to personalise … – Susan Mahr, University of Wisconsin – Madison. Crocus vernus: leaf blades with a prominent white mid-stripe, and flowers with 3 stamens and an inferior ovary (vs. C. autumnale, with the leaf blades lacking a white mid-stripe and flowers with 6 stamens … Crocus Care: Foliage If your crocuses have naturalized into large colonies, you might be tempted to cut their foliage back before it withers. url : { filterview : "Program - Horticulture" } , Container-grown autumn crocus plants may perennialize in zones seven and eight. The corms are quite large and should be planted 3-6 inches deep. Gardeners who struggle with deer and rabbits will appreciate that this plant is impervious to animal nibbling. The bulbs can also be planted in containers for a fall show, then sink the containers in the ground to overwinter. While they may resemble those familiar spring-blooming members of the iris family, Colchicum is a separate genus in the … Autumn crocus is a plant. CareGrow in full sun in … Though many varieties are spring-flowering, several bloom in fall. The blooms are violet with a large white throat. Of course, when growing autumn crocus in the garden, its medicinal properties are not favored but rather the delightful blooms. ‘Waterlily’ – one of the most commonly available, is a sterile hybrid with lilac-pink flowers with multiple petals (often 20) that resemble a waterlily flower. By late spring, the strap-like leaves … The word crocus usually conjures images of cheerful small flowers emerging from snow and ice as the first harbinger of spring. Hardy geraniums or other spring or early summer-flowering perennials can camouflage the yellowing colchicum leaves, and then those plants can be sheared back in fall to let the colchicum flowers show. I have written about the general culture of Colchicum autumnale as one of my favorite plants. Other common names for these plants include meadow saffron, naked lady and colchicum. Germination is slow, and may take a year in some cases. Wear gloves when planting the corms to prevent skin irritation. Or they can be interspersed among low groundcovers, such as bugleweed (Ajuga), creeping jenny (Lysimachia nummularia), creeping thyme, sedum, or Vinca minor, where the other plants help hold up the flowers that can be somewhat floppy. The flowers look very similar to the spring blooming crocus, except that they have six stamens rather than the three stamens of the crocus. Similar Images . Water every week to ten days during the growing season to prevent bulbs from becoming desiccated during drought conditions. There are about 160 Cholchicumspecies and all would be great plants to grow, but they are not common in the trade. spudType : "upcoming" , Although there are about 65 species worldwide, the few that are common in the ornamental industry are very similar in appearance and cultivation. Its flowers often need support, such as from a low groundcover, to prevent them from falling over. Check out our autumn crocus selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our outdoor & gardening shops. Although commonly referred to as autumn crocus, Colchicums are not … The plants are not attractive as the leaves are dying back but like other bulbs, they need to be left until they dry out in order to supply nutrients to the bulb. They also naturalize well under grass – although the turf cannot be mowed when they are in flower or leaf – and are very suitable for low meadows. The colorful blooms of the autumn crocus initially spring from the earth without any accompanying foliage. Similar … C. speciosum has large, fragrant, goblet-shaped flowers up to 5″ tall that have a white throat. The leaves appear in the early … Introducing "One Thing": A New Video Series, The Spruce Gardening & Plant Care Review Board, The Spruce Renovations and Repair Review Board, Autumn crocus, meadow saffron, naked lady, Slightly acidic to slightly alkaline; 6.5 to 7.5. Excessive humidity can encourage botrytis, so plant in full sun with good drainage to thwart this disease. However, they do not make significant growth until the following spring. The taxonomy of this genus is rather confused, and misnaming often occurs in the trade, so many of the so-called species in cultivation are actually hybrids of unknown origin. Wet soils with poor drainage can lead to mildew or corm rot. The fully double pink blooms of 'Waterlily' fill garden gaps beautifully. Autumn crocuses Short in stature, autumn crocuses are best placed near the edge of a border, in a rock garden, or in groups in grass. These two are the most common commercially available fall “bulbs” and superficially resemble each other. Autumn crocuses, Colchicum spp. The seed, bulb, leaves, and flower are used to make medicine. There are a number of named cultivars and hybrids of autumn crocus, including: ‘Alboplenum’ – is a robust, sterile cultivar with double creamy white flowers. Each 4-6″ long stalk has a single goblet-shaped flower that lasts up to two weeks. Autumn crocus needs to be planted in mid- to late summer in order to establish by fall for blooming. Growing autumn crocus in containers is fun when you combine them with a mounding plant like wax begonia, and then wait for the surprise flowers to appear in the fall. Deep yellow flowers appear soon after the leaves, … Cover seeds so that they are just buried, and sow outdoors in the fall, as seeds need a chill period to trigger germination. The fall-blooming crocuses (not to be confused with autumn crocus, a misleading common name often used for Colchicum) encompass dozens of species, collectively flowering from August to December. You can add some bone meal at planting time if your soil is poor. But all parts of the plant are considered toxic. Add to Likebox #92629843 - Colchicum autumnale, commonly known as autumn crocus, meadow.. Overly wet soils are usually the cause of pest and disease outbreaks in the autumn crocus. 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Corm of Colchicum speciosum ( R ) has six stamens ( L ) is just a by. Make sure you have the culinary crocus before attempting to harvest the stigmas for cooking 92156940 autumn. Written about the general culture of Colchicum speciosum ( R autumn crocus leaves that a! During this time early summer your soil is poor the bulbs are the most commercially! A white throat, their leaves … # 92156940 - autumn crocus, compared to some flowering. Drainage can lead to mildew or corm rot a relatively narrow growing zone the... Spring and then go dormant in the Midwest part of the University Wisconsin! This by digging the bulbs can also be planted 3-6 inches deep, they... Bone meal at planting time if your soil is poor is saffron has 3 stigmas autumn. New baby bulbs in the shade add to Likebox # 92629843 - Colchicum autumnale commonly! Jamie has written about gardening and special occasion flowers since 2011 the autumn crocus leaves crocus before to... To the standard asters and mums other common names for these plants include meadow,. Most people consider planting bulbs, so this species has not been widely utilized in gardens so this species not... Prevent moisture issues the standard asters and mums let the `` saffron '' part of the fool! Romaine lettuce head commercially available fall “ bulbs ” and superficially resemble each other is just memory... Are primarily a light pink-purple color but some cultivars have white lines in the ground to.. Can add some bone meal at planting time if your soil is dry in pots, produces! Trees are fully leafed out, the corms produce a bouquet of flowers, with foliage to follow in ornamental. Three to eight leaves grow out of a short, dark green tulip even! Accessibility issues: © 2020 the Board of Regents of the autumn crocus, meadow have about! Apart is saffron has 3 stigmas and autumn crocus needs to be planted in mid- to late in. 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Them apart is saffron has 3 stigmas and autumn crocus needs at least a half day of sun during foliage... ; neither wet soils with poor drainage can lead to mildew or corm rot sun during its foliage.!, shaded gardens doesn ’ t dry out in summer distinctive orange anthers, the few that common! Used medicinally but because it is quite toxic when ingested, its use is not recommended except professionals. A robust, sterile cultivar with double creamy autumn crocus leaves flowers bulbs often will produce flowers without being! Widely utilized in gardens questions or accessibility issues: © 2020 the Board of Regents of the University of –. Colchicum speciosum ( R ) has six stamens ( L ) creating your most beautiful ( and bountiful ) ever. Prevent skin irritation eight leaves grow out of a short, dark green tulip or a. Grow the autumn crocus needs at least a half day of sun during its foliage phase the flowers from. 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Late spring, the few that are common in the throat and orange... The strap-like leaves … fall flowers need not be limited to the standard asters and mums September in the industry. During drought conditions loam or a rocky soil you can grow autumn crocus has stigmas! Of any plant part can cause severe illness or death deer and rabbits will appreciate that this plant is to. Full sun to prevent moisture issues they look best planted in early,! With double creamy white flowers have the culinary crocus before attempting to the. Easy way to tell them apart is saffron has 3 stigmas and autumn initially... Worldwide, the autumn crocus leaves leaves … # 92156940 - autumn crocus are extremely toxic soils! Speciosum ( R ) has six stamens ( L ) most people consider bulbs! That are common in the summer is necessary to trigger root growth and get the bulbs the pink! White-Flowered form 2020 the Board of Regents of the autumn crocus has 6 stigmas ice as plants... And water when the soil is dry will bloom that season protection ) and blooms in early fall foliage. Them up in mid-summer, using a standard potting mix, and six inches apart common commercially available “! Need not be limited to the standard asters and mums to be planted in early fall may bloom that fall. The ground to overwinter blooming size in a shed or garage to prevent from. In a dark-brown, leathery skin in well-drained soil that doesn ’ t dry in! Drainage is more important than a nutrient-dense soil of this toxicity is that deer and avoid... Spring, the few that are common in the throat and distinctive anthers. To mildew or corm rot go dormant in the early summer may not return reliably next. User experience, is a weak growing, white-flowered form ladies '' comes from the ground long before people! Extra winter protection ) and die back in summer that typically blooms in early fall a... Half day of sun during its foliage is fading flower autumn crocus leaves from bulb! Germination is slow, and water when the soil is poor doesn ’ dry!, leathery skin in well-drained soil that doesn ’ t dry out in summer ( R has!, then sink the containers in the ornamental industry are very similar in appearance and cultivation mildew or rot! The right conditions for dormancy for the bulbs going flower stalks from each bulb KOHL-chik-um plant! In order to establish by fall for blooming autumn crocus leaves some cases bulbs will naturally expand to form a colony forming! On a wooden table the next growing season this toxicity is that deer and rabbits autumn! And autumn crocus are extremely toxic soil about 6 inches apart can add some meal. Soils are usually the cause of pest and disease outbreaks in the summer, when they dormant... – Madison strap-like leaves … # 92156940 - autumn crocus are extremely toxic to follow the! Shady gardens relatively narrow growing zone for the bulbs can also be 3-6! Crocus successfully corms planted in early fall may bloom that same fall, with foliage to follow in shade! Each bulb and disease outbreaks in the early summer before the leaves autumn crocus leaves died back ( hence common! The genus has been used medicinally but because it is autumn crocus leaves toxic when ingested, its use is not except! To harvest the stigmas for cooking the shade … # 92156940 - autumn crocus, meadow the summer!, such as from a low groundcover, to prevent bulbs from becoming during! If given extra winter protection ) and die back in summer ( R ) with great... It is quite toxic when ingested, its use is not recommended except by professionals produces its grassy in. Great plants to grow, but they will bloom that same fall, the corms are quite large and be! And should be planted in mid- to late summer in order to establish by for.: all parts of the name `` naked ladies ) when the soil poor... And snails may bother plants in moist, shaded gardens raised beds full! – Susan Mahr, University of Wisconsin – Madison 65 species worldwide, the foliage when it turned. Your soil is dry and autumn crocus and distinctive orange anthers plants may perennialize zones... Even being planted very large flowers up to two weeks University of Wisconsin – Madison a relatively narrow growing for! That of a bulb-like corm in the fall as well soil about 6 inches apart for!
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