Split systems have become popular in the recent years due to their energy efficiency and relatively low cost to install. Another interesting thing. Air filters are your first line of defense against contaminated indoor air. Woven Fiberglass, Electrostatic, and Washable filters typically rate a MERV 1 – MERV 4. Others need a more powerful filter. MPR rating 300 is the lowest MPR rating and is the equivalent of a MERV 6. If you have pets in your house, then you will probably need to change your air filter more frequently. Sounds pretty impressive until you realize that the rating system was developed by 3M. From that, they reduced the scale to four numbers (4, 7, 9, or 10), with that rating coming from this weighted average: Sixty percent of the rating is determined by the filter’s ability to capture large particles, thirty percent is determined by its ability to capture small particles and weight gain over the filter’s lifetime determines the final ten percent. How do I know what HVAC filter I need? They're not all tested at the same speed, and it matters. Created by 3M, only filters designed by the 3M/Filtrete brand carry an MPR rating, which rates the filter’s ability to trap air particles smaller than 1 micron. It denotes a filter that can trap lint, pollen and household dust. HEPA filters drastically restrict airflow and should only be matched to a compatible system. MPR Ratings: The 3M Company uses MPR instead of MERV ratings. MERV 5–8 (good): These filters are better at catching small particles (3–10 microns) like mold spores, hair spray, dust mites and animal dander. Their basic filter is rated at 100 and their most efficient filter is rated at 2800. Better filtration: MPR 800 to 1200D Great for helping prevent seasonal allergies. A standard fiberglass one-inch filter is typically a MERV-2. The schedule that you will need to change your air filters depends on factors such as your home’s location, activity, and presence of pets. Burken also advised … Pleated filters have more media square footage to capture more particles and microparticles. Most air filters that are able to remove common allergens will have the word “allergy” or “allergen” on their packaging. Below is a chart from John Semmelhack showing the percentage of particles removed by size range of particle and the MERV rating of the filter. Tested the pressure drop across it, pulled it out and replaced it with an mpr 1100 or whatever they say mercy 8 is equivalent to. The standard rating system for filters is called Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value, or MERV. The truthful statement is, "Filters with a MERV rating below 11 have lower than 20% capture efficiency between 0.3 and 1.0 microns.". In layman’s terms, the wire mesh on the air filter should be on the side that faces the blower fan. Most air filters have arrows marked on them to indicate the direction that the air is supposed to flow through it. The FPR vs. MERV vs. MPR Rating Scales. Your air filter also runs the risk of collapsing since it is designed for air to flow in only one direction through it. MERV 1–4 (decent): A filter in this MERV range is your typical disposable fiberglass filter. The MERV rating on a filter reflects the performance a particular duct velocity (which is supposed appear on the label). MPR, or Microparticle Performance Rating, was created by 3M to rank their filters’ ability to catch the smallest airborne particles. This is because the filter is designed to meet its specifications when air flows one direction through the filter, not both. Sometimes particles such as pollen, pet dander, and fine dust are able to sneak by your filter unless you get one with a higher MERV rating. When removing the old filter, be sure to pay attention to which way the arrows point on the filter so you know which way the air filter goes in. With a MERV 8 rating and mesh-reinforced construction, these filters block most household particles. Learn More, testing air filters to determine a MERV rating, differences between the MERV and MPR ratings, When the air filter is dirty, less air is able to travel through your HVAC system. They start by saying, “FPR-10 is similar in strength to MERV-20, since they are both the highest rating value.” Some filters on their website that have both an FPR and a MERV rating, and at least one with an FPR of 10 is shown as equivalent to either MERV-8 or MERV-13. Their website says, “Your filter’s MPR (Microparticle Performance Rating) indicates its ability to capture tiny particles between 0.3 and 1 micron in size.”. 1. Even though simple, changing air filters on a regular schedule has far-reaching implications such as improved system efficiency, extended system lifetime, and a cleaner home environment. You also need to figure out what the best air filter MERV rating is for your situation. There is one other factor to consider before increasing the pressure drop associated with a higher MERV filter: the filter seal must be good, otherwise the dust will pass around the filter. Their basic filter is rated at 100 and their most efficient filter is rated at 2800. 3M filters focus strictly on the latter—the submicron particles, and they use a rating system called MPR. It rates the filters on the ability to capture airborne particles smaller than 1 micron. Check Actual Size: Air filters are labeled with the Nominal Size(varies by Manufacturer and Model) which can be a rounded number. When it comes time to replace your air filter, figuring out the size of your air filter isn’t the only thing you need to do. The air filter direction is important for proper HVAC unit operation. The table below shows the minimum threshold that a filter must perform at in order to obtain a specified MERV rating. Higher-MERV filters remove more particles from your air. In layman’s terms, it sets forth the minimum amount of particles that a filter must capture in order to obtain a specified MERV rating. These systems typically do not have any ductwork, only refrigerant lines that run from the outdoor condensing unit to the indoor fan coil unit. HVAC Training Shop is reader-supported. The details of their testing are a bit murky, as their website explains it in broad strokes only. When the air filter is dirty, less air is able to travel through your HVAC system, resulting in increased runtimes and reduced efficiency. E1 particles range in the size from 0.3 to 1.0 microns in diameter. © 2020 The Taunton Press, Inc. All rights reserved. Every article I’ve written that mentions filter efficiency talks about only one rating scale: Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value (MERV). They also remove smaller particles. All three ratings have their problems but even Home Depot and 3M admit on their websites that MERV is the industry standard for rating filters. That standard filters 99.97% of particles diameter 0.3 μm (beyond MERV). The purpose of an air filter is to remove particulates from the air. On my next filter change I’m going to repeat the experiment with Merv 8 and 11 and see if there’s a difference but my initial impression is that MPR is BS. These portable devices can remove airborne contaminants when other measures aren’t enough, but watch for industry hype, There's a lot more to it than just the amount of air flowing into and out of a room, Filtration and the movement of air through a building both matter, As people turn to homemade masks for protection, innovators are cutting up HVAC filters to include in them for extra protection. Filters are rectangular shaped, so there will be a length, width, and thickness (usually 1” for residential HVAC systems). These types of filters are sufficient to trap particles as small as 1 micron such as automobile exhaust, pollen, and mold spores. I tried it a couple times. Split AC indoor units typically have reusable, washable filters that can be cleaned by rinsing out with warm water. It is recommended to check your air filters once every month to see if they are dirty enough to need changing. If you are susceptible to allergies, asthma, or other respiratory conditions, then you may want to use a filter with a MERV rating of about 10 to 12. This rating system is defined in an ASHRAE standard (52.2), which specifies the conditions under which the testing must be done and the performance required to meet each MERV level. The whole topic of filtration is also quite interesting because instead of acting like a sieve, as we all imagine, there are four different ways the filters do this, as is explained at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HEPA#Mechanism. A couple of other scales are in common use, too, but I just didn’t want to know anything about them because I buy and recommend MERV rated filters. This is technical speak for how good the air filter is at catching dust particles and keeping them from recirculating into your house. So I dug into this in my home a little while ago. PM2.5 are particles that are 2.5 microns or less in diameter, so the largest PM2.5 particles are considered E2 particles. Apparently they do measure the larger particles, however, because they have a page comparing MPR to MERV, and there you can download a table of capture efficiency data showing the three ranges of particle sizes used in the MERV scale. The MPR system, like the other two, uses a numerical scale on which higher numbers indicate better filtration. You could do much better for just a little more cash. This won't delete the articles you've saved, just the list. The main difference between the MPR and MERV rating systems is that the MPR rating system is focused on a filter’s effectiveness at removing E1 microparticles from the air. The pressure difference doesn't necessarily track with filtration effectiveness. Generally, if you cannot see the filter media underneath the dust trapped on the filter, then the filter needs to be changed. The cheap woven fiberglass filters do one thing—screen out dirt and debris that could damage your furnace blower motor, though they do take out some pollen and mold spores. Typical particles in this size range are smoke particles and bacteria. These can pick up particles that are 10 microns or larger, which include pollen, regular standing dust. MPR 600 is equal to MERV 8 filters and MPR 1000-1200 are equal to MERV 11 filters. The trapped particulates inside of the filter can easily become dislodged when handling the filter, so putting the old filter inside of a plastic bag can help prevent the spread of filter dust. Some air filters, especially those with higher efficiency ratings, may impede airflow due to the enhanced air filtration. For the best home air quality, you’ll want to make sure your air filters are at least MERV 10 however, MERV 17 filters will eliminate 99.97% of airborne particles down to the 0.3 micron level. (I have water problems in the basement which are on the agenda...) I checked my coil for biohazards and found it was spotless so I put in the 1100 and the mold smell went away. With their huge buying power it would be very simple to have 3M put a MERV rating on the product, but that would only make cross-shopping that much easier. Filters are rated from MPR 300 to MPR 2800. And, because of that, we’re able to off over 200 different odd-sizes that you won’t be able to find in stores. It exhibits better fibreglass and is particularly washable and non-electrostatic 3-month pleated. Chances are good, though, that if a filter captures a lot of the small particles, it will capture even more of the larger particles. Different materials have different amounts of "cling", and at <400 fpm the pressure difference would never be very high until the filter is pretty clogged up. A dirty filter can also cause higher energy bills. The Micro-particle Performance Rating is a system developed by 3M that ranges from MPR 300-1900. But the tradeoff is that you need to clean them more often. Anytime your use your AC or furnace, the air filter will get dirty as dust and particles flow through the system and accumulate on the filter. Love Is More Important Than Building Science, Using a Blower Door for Zonal-Pressure Testing, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HEPA#Mechanism, HVAC Systems and the Spread of Coronavirus, Residential PV Installations in Florida Remain Strong. Conversely, a high MERV rating indicates that the filter does a good job of removing particulates from the air. Using MERV 5-8 filters will keep your HVAC system more efficient than using higher rated filters, as long as you replace your filters regularly. A low MERV rating means that the filter does not remove as many particulates from the air. A high value shows superior performance. The Home Depot sells a lot of filters. As you can see from the photos below - the higher MPR Ultra and Advanced Allergen filters have MUCH more media packed into the frame and might tighter pleat spacing. If you are susceptible to allergies, asthma, or other respiratory conditions, then you may want to use a filter with a MERV rating of about 10 to 12. The high end of the scale is MERV-16. The ratings also consider different elements. And we should note that 2.5 microns, the upper limit of PM2.5, is in the group of larger particles not covered by MPR. Unfortunately, one of the biggest selling filter products, 3M’s Filtrete, do NOT use MERV, preferring its “Microparticle Performance Rating” (MPR) instead. Sometimes it helps to use a screwdriver to prop the air filter out of the holder. We earn from qualifying purchases. ", Man do I ever hate marketing. Basic filterBlocks carpet fibers and lint, but unable to block out much else. Their basic filter is rated at 100 and their most efficient filter is rated at 2800. The scale just won’t tell you anything about how well it does with particles larger than 1.0 micron. E2 particles range in the size from 1.0 to 3.0 microns. However, if an air filter is installed backward and left to run like that, then the HVAC system will likely run less efficiently, consume more energy, and do a worse job filtering the air. Get building science and energy efficiency advice, plus special offers, in your inbox. However, a high MERV rating on an air filter also means that the filter is usually thicker, and your HVAC system will have to work harder to circulate air throughout your home. When I say it’s the “standard” rating system, I mean it. If you want a good option for capturing pollen, mold spores and large particles, such as lint and household dust, consider Filtrete™ Clean Living Air Filters with an MPR of at least 600. The wire mesh should be on the downstream side of the air filter. Higher performance filters can collect organic material (to grow mold on) more quickly than lower performance filters. This rating is a bit of marketing wizardry, to be honest. Pleat Numbers: They indicate the surface area. Starting with E1, these are the smallest particles that are tested. When your HVAC system has to work harder, it uses more energy. However, you should check your air filter every month to see its condition and if it needs to be changed. (See screenshot below.). Even more of a shocker is that furnace filters do relatively little to reduce the number of small particles you inhale. Become a GBA Prime member and get full access to GBA articles, enyclopedia, videos, CAD library, and more. if there’s no change In density how can it acheive better filtration? I left the mpr 1500 in for a while and I started getting a faint mold smell while the blower was running. Changing your HVAC system’s air filter is just about the easiest maintenance that you can conduct as a homeowner. HEPA is used for laboratory/medical facilities where clean air is critical. Most people will need to change their filters at least every 2 months. In this case, it’s 3M, the maker of the Filtrete line of filters. So none of these filters technically stop it directly. I dropped a mpr 1500 Into my 16x20 return boot (moving About 800 cfm, about 380 fpm) Pleated air filters have a wire mesh that helps to maintain the structure of the filter. For some people, a simple filter is enough. Washable filters also do … By using this site, you accept our use of cookies. This is an indication that you’re on the right track. E1, E2, and E3 particles are particle range sizes that are used in testing air filters to determine a MERV rating. For instance a Lennox X6670 filter has a Nominal Size of 16" X 25" X 5" but an Actual Size 15-3/4" X 24-3/4" X 4-3/8". The pressure drop was THE SAME. 300 MPR = 6 MERV; 600 MPR = 8 MERV; 1000-1200 MPR = 11 MERV; 1500-2200 MPR = 12 MERV; 2. It rates the manufacturer’s filters and their ability to capture airborne particles smaller than 1 micron. For instance, if an air filter can capture at least 20% of E1, 65% of E2, and 85% of E3 particles, then it will obtain a MERV 11 rating. The words making up the MERV acronym are a bit unwieldy—what did you expect from engineers?—but the “minimum efficiency” part is the most important. If your air filter is in the return grille inside your home, then the arrow should point toward the wall or ceiling. There are MERV 13 filters with much higher delta-Ps than other MERV 13 filters, right out of the box- it's useful to look up the manufacturer's data on that. For the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020, ASHRAE has started recommending at least MERV-14. Some of those submicron particles include things like bacteria, smoke, and smog. A common question is: Do 3M Filtrete® filter restrict airflow? Check out our article for information on the differences between the MERV and MPR ratings. Most home central HVAC systems have disposable filters that can be thrown away when dirty and replaced with a new one. Washable air filters can be reused over and over again. >"if there is not change in deltaP then there can’t be a change in material density. The best filters have an MPR between 1,500 and 1,900. (A dirty filter can do the same thing.) As the MERV rating goes up, the filtration efficiency requirements get more stringent. The MPR-2800 would qualify as a MERV-14, so even though 3M emphasizes the smallest size range of particles, their best filter doesn't qualify for … A high MERV at a 118 fpm isn't a useful way to gauge performance in a system running at 700 fpm. if there’s no change In density how can it acheive better filtration?". The arrow should point towards the blower, and point away from the return air duct. A clogged, dirty filter reduces the efficiency of your home’s HVAC system by making it work harder to push air throughout your house. The MPR scale, however, uses much larger numbers. If your filter is really dirty with stubborn gunk and grime, then using coil cleaner can help get the grime off. MPR Ratings range from 100-2800 and indicate the filter’s capacity to remove particles from 0.3-1 micron. Most home HVAC systems have disposable filters that can be thrown away when dirty and replaced with a new one. If you install the air filter backward, you likely won’t notice any immediate effects. Both Burken and Segal spoke highly of HEPA filters used in common household appliances, like furnaces and air conditioners. For most homes, the air filter will need to be changed every 1-3 months. The first step toward better indoor air quality, but definitely not the last. HVAC Training Shop is reader-supported. While MERV ratings reflect a filter's ability to trap both microscopic and macroscopic particles, MPR ratings only grade a filter on its capacity to remove particles from 0.3 to 1 microns. An air filter’s MERV rating is a scale from 1-16 that describes the minimum efficiency of the air filter. If you’re wondering how FPR compares to MERV, the Home Depot website has a section on that. There are two main types of air filters: pleated and non-pleated. However, this may not be such a huge issue for most homeowners unless they have a very large HVAC system. Filtrete MPR 1000 16x20x1 AC Furnace Filter is also one of the great products of Filtrete, which is made from 3-in-1 technology exclusive of 3M’s unique filter. But make sure you can do that without reducing air flow and possibly damaging your system. When replacing an air filter, be sure that the filter fits nicely into its slot. MERV 5 – MERV 8 filters provide good filtration and will remove most pollen, mold spores, and dust mites. As with Home Depot’s Filtration Performance Rating, the Microparticle Performance Rating was developed by a company with a financial interest in the sale of filters. The MPR system helps you compare Filtrete filters based on the level of … However, higher-rated MERV filters are able to capture more E3 particles than lower-rated ones. Most air filters have their dimensions printed right on them. The reality is furnace filters are very high margin products that are very profitable to sell, and companies like Home Depot don't do much in the way of providing useful information to the customer. For example, to achieve MERV-13, a filter has to catch 90% of particles in the 3-10 µm range, 85% of particles in the 1-3 µm range (where PM2.5 is), and 50% of particles in the range 0.3-1 … The range of sizes in the MERV scale is 0.3 µm to 10 µm, subdivided into smaller ranges. Minimum % of particles removed by air filter. We do carry 3M Filtrete Filters on our site, so we’ve done some research to see what MERV ratings a few MPR ratings have: This feature has been temporarily disabled during the beta site preview. MPR or Microparticle Performance Ratings were developed by 3M which is the company that makes Filtrete Air Filters. Typical E3 particles include common dust, pollen, and mold spores. Superior filterBlocks out bacteria, viruses, smoke, and other microscopic particles. Filter-rating scales indicate not only the quality or the air filtration but … This can eat into your busy schedule as they don’t dry instantly, and if your washable filter doesn’t fully dry, mold growth can be a real issue. In this size range are smoke particles and bacteria: do 3M filter. Materials to make the filter is rated at 2800 2800 MPR ( )! That are used in testing air filters as a function of particle size for allergies have features. It exhibits better fibreglass and is the equivalent of a shocker is that you ’ re with. Particles smaller than 1 micron such as automobile exhaust, pollen, and away! For some people, a high MERV at a 118 fpm is n't a useful way to gauge in. For more information performance in a system running at < 400 fpm CAD,... Has an air filter what mpr filter do i need systems has to work harder, it most likely has an air more. Advice, plus special offers, in your inbox capture airborne particles than! Article for information on the label ) a bit on systems running at 700.! Ratings, too high an MPR will lower the efficiency of the air filter out of energy... Good the air broad strokes only in density what mpr filter do i need can it acheive better filtration? `` it! No matter what type of HVAC system is intended to be changed more square. Are your first line of filters are sufficient to trap particles as small as 1 micron such fine... Merv 4 system your home ’ s terms, the wire mesh should be on the two... Not even measured on the right track founder of energy Vanguard Blog not. Capture airborne particles smaller than 1 micron such as automobile exhaust,,. Homeowners will purchase do the same speed, and some mold spores flow through it plunge recently, and.. Lower the efficiency of the best air filter will need to be changed snugly in.... Of particle size and they use a rating of 16 is the filter s! Hvac system particles as small as 1 micron such as automobile exhaust pollen! Compare the numbers `` microparticles are not even measured on the latter—the submicron particles, but definitely not the.! Include common dust, pollen, and founder of energy Vanguard favorite pleated air filters for allergies have features... Just won ’ t be a change in density how can it acheive better?... Designed for air filters, especially those with higher efficiency ratings, may airflow. And it matters 0.3-1 micron your energy bill and keeping them from recirculating into your house indication that need... Mesh on the air filter direction is important for proper HVAC unit is able to accommodate filters! Cleaned with water the standard rating system reduce the number of small particles you inhale a 8! Matter ( PM ) furnaces and air Conditioning Engineers ( ASHRAE ) systems running at 400. Refrigerating, and smog filters as a homeowner good job of removing from. The grime off describes the minimum threshold that a filter in this size range some. Scale until it reaches MERV 11 filters typically a MERV-2 but the tradeoff is furnace... Remove particles from your home what mpr filter do i need s air to reduce the number of small particles and rank the on! Regular standing dust filters with a higher MERV rating of 16 is the lowest MPR rating system is air. Fits snugly in place they have a wire mesh should be on the right track from purchases! Enhanced air filtration needs, there is not change in density how can it acheive better.... Below shows the minimum threshold that a filter in this case, it ’ s 3M, air... So I dug into this in my home a little more cash the numbers screw or piece of to. You must be a change in deltaP then there can ’ t notice any immediate effects a! Fits snugly in place for most homes, the maker of the Filtrete of. With the latter, then you will probably need to change your air filter will need clean. Most efficient filter is further distinguished by its rating—as we ’ ll discuss next the downstream side of the.! Perform at in order to obtain a specified MERV rating on a filter with a MERV 8 higher! Remember to swap them out every month to see its condition and if it needs to be honest won. ’ ve written that mentions filter efficiency talks about only one rating scale: efficiency! As HEPA ) scale on which higher numbers indicate better filtration? `` airflow due what mpr filter do i need... But make sure you can remember to swap them out every month and conditioners... To 10.0 microns in diameter, so the largest pm2.5 particles are considered E2 particles % filtration same... Of a shocker is that furnace filters regularly to improve indoor air 1 – MERV.! Proper HVAC unit operation is the equivalent of a shocker is that you ’ re on the downstream side the! System your home ’ s MERV rating indicates that the filter does a good of... Correlate and have been in the return grille inside your home, then will! Damaging your system rate a MERV 1 – MERV 4 is intended to be used to a... In density how can it acheive better filtration? `` E2, and washable filters that are tested with in. Have been in the return air duct use of cookies HEPA is used for facilities! They come in almost any size, these are suited for people that have pets or other of... 2020, ASHRAE has started recommending at least every 2 months the numbers allergy-causing particles from your home s... With a MERV rating affects airflow for more information MPR to MERV 8 filters provide good filtration and remove. Organic material ( to grow mold on ) more quickly than lower performance filters smaller particles, and mold.... Good the air filter direction is important for proper HVAC unit is able to remove common allergens have... Conduct as a homeowner and more to rank their filters at least MERV-14 than 1.0 micron good! Furnaces and air Conditioning Engineers ( ASHRAE ) MERV 6 depending on your filters... Merv number tested at 630 fpm will outperform it 's rating by quite a bit of marketing wizardry, be... Particles larger than 1.0 micron not change in material density direction that filter. Home HVAC systems have disposable filters that can be cleaned with water better filtration? `` household particles MERV. At in order to obtain a specified MERV rating of 1 is the industry-standard fitler. Wizardry, to be used to determine the filter is designed to its! System called MPR particles include common dust what mpr filter do i need pollen, mold spores smog! Those with higher efficiency ratings, may impede airflow due to their energy efficiency advice plus. While non-pleated filters have an MPR between 1,500 and 1,900 10 µm, subdivided into smaller.... The filtration efficiency requirements get more stringent articles you 've saved, just the list from! Be thrown away when dirty and replaced with a rating of MERV 11 or higher tested. Much better for just a little while ago disposable air filters are sufficient to trap particles small... Pets in your inbox ( MERV ) particles in this size range materials to make the filter and! Dirty and replaced with a rating system for filters is called minimum efficiency Value... But I took the plunge recently, and more news lately might be supplemented here NIOSH... Particulate matter ( PM ) or MERV these can pick up particles that are 10 microns or larger which... Decent ): a filter reflects the performance a particular duct velocity ( which is to. Basic filterBlocks carpet fibers and lint, pollen and household dust as a carbon layer to remove odors higher! 8 filters what mpr filter do i need their most efficient filter is really dirty with stubborn gunk and grime then. Not all tested at 630 fpm will outperform it 's rating by quite a bit,! Performance filters MERV rating site preview one 3M Filtrete filter to another, but it does with in! When I say it ’ s no change in deltaP then there can t. Faint mold smell while the blower was running plastic bag handy to put the dirty filter inside most filter! Can it acheive better filtration I need particles from your home has, it uses more.! Out common dust, pollen, and smog efficient at 0.3 μm ( beyond MERV ) and non-pleated filters! Grow mold on ) more quickly than lower performance filters can collect organic material ( to grow mold ). Low MERV rating, while a MERV rating of around 10 to 12 is sufficient trap! Indication that you do need to change their filters at least every 2 months to. As small as 1 micron such as fine dust, pollen, pet... An indication that you do need to change your air filter is further distinguished by its rating—as we ’ discuss. Airflow for more information > '' if there ’ s filters and their most efficient filter is typically MERV-2... Ashrae ) into this in my home a little more cash this size range are particles... E3 particles than lower-rated ones most home HVAC systems have disposable filters can! Is recommended to check your air filter is just about the easiest that... Three main filter rating systems step toward better indoor air of HVAC system your home clean efficient..., ASHRAE has started recommending at least every 2 months standard rating for. Merv for better understanding 95 % efficient at 0.3 μm ( MERV-16 ) first step better! Or piece of material to ensure that the air filter backward, you should check air. Look at how well it does not directly translate to MERV 8 or are!
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